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快讯:开曼群岛股东纠纷中的临时救济

Insight

23 May 2024

Hong Kong, Cayman Islands

1 min read

由于开曼公司通常作为控股公司注册成立,我们的争议解决团队随即发现股东争议的趋势。股东纠纷通常发生在大股东和小股东对公司管理意见产生分歧的情况下,尤其是在一方股东控制公司管理权的情况下。

开曼群岛的股东争议

股东纠纷通常会导致提出公正公平的申请、衍生诉讼,或在更有限的情况下提出个人直接索赔。

公正公平的清盘申请

与英国或英属维尔京群岛(BVI)的法律相比,开曼群岛公司的股东无法以 “不公平损害 ”为由向开曼群岛大法院提出索赔。 相反,《公司法》规定股东可以提出公正公平的清盘申请,法院可据此酌情批准清盘之外的其他救济措施,包括要求: (a) 规范公司今后的事务行为;(b) 要求公司不得从事或继续从事请愿人投诉的行为,或从事请愿人投诉公司未从事的行为;(c) 授权请愿人以公司的名义并代表公司提起民事诉讼;或 (d) 由其他成员或公司本身购买公司任何成员的股份。#

衍生诉讼

当公司受到不法侵害时,股东可以公司的名义对不法行为人提起衍生诉讼,例如,不法行为人控制了公司,从而能够阻止公司提起诉讼。

个人索赔

如果不法行为是以个人身份对股东实施的,在某些情况下,股东有可能对不法行为人提出个人索赔,尽管Foss诉Harbottle案的一般规则规定,在任何声称是对公司实施的不法行为的诉讼中,适当的索赔人是公司本身,而不是股东。

有哪些临时救济?

我们在股东纠纷中常见的临时救济包括申请禁令、临时清算人和中止诉讼。

禁令

如果担心资产会被消耗,或是担心股东和/或公司会采取损害受害股东利益的行动,禁令救济是适当的行为。例如,禁令可以阻止公司继续进行拟议的资产出售或配发新股(该行为可能会稀释受害股东的持股权益)。禁令还可以要求公司在某些决策中将受害股东包括在内。

临时清算人

在公正公平的清盘申请中,如果能够证明有表面证据表明有必要下达清盘令,并且有必要任命临时清盘人以防止公司资产的耗散或滥用、防止对小股东的压迫或防止公司董事的管理不善或行为不当,则可以任命临时清盘人以 “主导局面”。法院有权授予临时清盘人其认为必要和适当的权力,以防止资产耗散、滥用、管理不善和行为不当,从而确保公司资产在呈请聆讯前得到妥善保护。

中止

面对公正和公平请求或其他股东索赔,可以寻求中止诉讼程序。可以根据公司章程或股东协议中可能存在的仲裁协议寻求中止仲裁。枢密院司法委员会最近在FamilyMart China Holding Co Ltd Ting Chuan一案中裁定,在基本事项由仲裁决定期间,可以中止公正和公平的申请。

除上述情况外,值得注意的是,在公正和公平申请的情况下,公司章程或股东协议中存在的任何非申请条款都可能成为申请撤销的依据。

如欲了解更多相关信息,请联系我们的争议解决团队。

About Ogier

Ogier is a professional services firm with the knowledge and expertise to handle the most demanding and complex transactions and provide expert, efficient and cost-effective services to all our clients. We regularly win awards for the quality of our client service, our work and our people.

Disclaimer

This client briefing has been prepared for clients and professional associates of Ogier. The information and expressions of opinion which it contains are not intended to be a comprehensive study or to provide legal advice and should not be treated as a substitute for specific advice concerning individual situations.

Regulatory information can be found under Legal Notice

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